Republic Act No. 10654 (2024)

"CHAPTER VI
PROHIBITIONS AND PENALTIES

Section 86. Unauthorized Fishing. – (a) It shall be unlawful for any person to capture or gather or to cause the capture or gathering of fish, fry or fingerlings of any fishery species or fishery products without license or permit from the Department or LGU.

Except in cases specified under this Code, it shall also be unlawful for any commercial fishing vessel to fish in municipal waters.

The discovery of any person in possession of a fishing gear or operating a fishing vessel in a fishing area where he has no license or permit shall constitute & prima facie presumption that the person is engaged in unauthorized fishing: Provided, That fishing for daily food sustenance or for leisure which is not for commercial, occupation or livelihood purposes may be allowed.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the boat captain and the three (3) highest officers of the commercial fishing vessel and the owner or operator who violate this provision shall be penalized with confiscation of catch and gear, and an administrative fine of five (5) times the value of the catch or the amount indicated below, whichever is higher:

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the offender of this provision shall be punished with an administrative fine equivalent to twice the value of catch or Five thousand pesos (P5,000.00), whichever is higher, and confiscation of the catch and fishing gear: Provided, That if the offender fails to pay the fine, he shall render community service.

Section 87. Engaging in Unauthorized Fisheries Activities. – It shall be unlawful for any person to exploit, occupy, produce, breed or culture fish, fry or fingerlings of any fishery species or fishery products or construct and operate fish corrals, fish traps, fish pens and fish cages or fishponds without a license, lease or permit.

The discovery of any person engaging in any of the above activities without a lease, license or permit shall constitute & prima facie presumption that the person is engaged in unauthorized fisheries activity.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the offender shall be penalized with an administrative fine of Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to One million pesos (P1,000,000.00), the dismantling or removal of the structure at the expense of the offender, the rehabilitation of the area affected by the activity and confiscation of stocks.

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall suffer the penalty of imprisonment of six (6) months, a fine equivalent to twice the amount of the administrative fine, the dismantling or removal of the structure at the expense of the offender, the rehabilitation of the area affected by the activity and confiscation of stocks.

Section 88. Failure to Secure Fishing Permit Prior to Engaging in Distant Water Fishing. – (a) It shall be unlawful for any person to fish in the high seas, in the territorial seas, archipelagic waters, and Exclusive Economic Zones of other states using a Philippine flagged fishing vessel without first securing a fishing permit from the Department and authorization from the coastal state.

Section 89. Unreported Fishing. – It shall be unlawful for any person to engage in unreported fishing or to fail to comply with the reportorial requirements in Section 38 of this Code.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the owner or operator of the municipal or commercial fishing vessel and the three (3) highest officers of the commercial fishing vessel who commit unreported fishing within waters of national jurisdiction shall be punished by an administrative fine equivalent to the value of the catch or the amount indicated below, whichever is higher:

In case of unreported fishing committed in waters beyond national jurisdiction, the owner, operator, and the three (3) highest officers of the commercial fishing vessel shall be penalized with an administrative fine equivalent to five (5) times the value of the catch or the amount indicated below, whichever is higher:

Upon conviction by a court of law, the three (3) highest officers of the commercial fishing vessel shall suffer the penalty of imprisonment of six (6) months and a fine equivalent to twice the amount of the administrative fine, and confiscation of catch and gear.

Section 90. Unregulated Fishing. – It shall be unlawful for any person to engage in unregulated fishing in waters within and beyond national jurisdiction.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the owner, operator, of the municipal or commercial fishing vessel and the three (3) highest officers of the commercial fishing vessel who commit unregulated fishing within waters of national jurisdiction shall be punished by confiscation of catch and gear and an administrative fine equivalent to the value of the catch or amount indicated below, whichever is higher:

In case of unregulated fishing committed in waters beyond national jurisdiction, the owner, operator, and the three (3) highest officers of the commercial fishing vessel shall be penalized with confiscation of catch and gear, and an administrative fine equivalent to five (5) times the value of the catch or the amount indicated below, whichever is higher:

Upon conviction by a court of law, the three (3) highest officers of the commercial fishing vessel shall suffer the penalty of imprisonment of six (6) months and a fine equivalent to twice the amount of the administrative fines, confiscation of catch and gear.

Section 91. Poaching in Philippine Waters. – It shall be unlawful for any foreign person, corporation or entity to fish or operate any fishing vessel in Philippine waters.

The entry of any foreign fishing vessel in Philippine waters shall constitute a prima facie presumption that the vessel is engaged in fishing in Philippine waters.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, any foreign person, corporation or entity in violation of this section shall be punished by an administrative fine of Six hundred thousand US dollars (US$600,000.00) to One million US dollars (US$1,000,000.00) or its equivalent in Philippine currency.

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall be punished with a fine of One million two hundred thousand US dollars (US$1,200,000.00), or its equivalent in Philippine currency, and confiscation of catch, fishing equipment and fishing vessel.

If the offender is caught within internal waters, an additional penalty of imprisonment of six (6) months and one (1) day to two (2) years and two (2) months shall be imposed. If apprehended for the second time within internal waters, the offender shall be punished with imprisonment of three (3) years and a fine of Two million four hundred thousand US dollars (US$2,400,000.00) or its equivalent in Philippine currency: Provided, That no foreign person shall be deported without the payment of the imposed judicial and/or administrative fines and service of sentence, if any.

Section 92. Fishing Through Explosives, Noxious or Poisonous Substance, or Electricity. – (a) It shall be unlawful for any person to catch, take or gather or cause to be caught, taken or gathered fish or any fishery species in Philippine waters with the use of explosives, noxious or poisonous substance such as sodium cyanide, which will kill, stupefy, disable or render unconscious fish or fishery species: Provided, That the Department, subject to such safeguards and conditions deemed necessary and with the endorsem*nt from the concerned LGUs, may allow, for research, educational or scientific purposes only, the use of poisonous or noxious substances to catch, take or gather fish or fishery species: Provided, further, That the use of poisonous or noxious substances to eradicate predators and pests in fishponds in accordance with accepted scientific practices and without causing adverse environmental impact in neighboring waters and grounds shall not be construed as illegal fishing.

The discovery of dynamite, other explosives and chemical compounds which contain combustible elements, or noxious or poisonous substances, or equipment or device for electrofishing in any fishing vessel or in the possession of any fisherfolk, operator, fishing boat official or fishworker shall constitute a prima facie presumption that any of these devices was used for fishing in violation of this Code.

The discovery in any fishing vessel of fish caught or killed with the use of explosives, noxious or poisonous substances, or by electricity shall constitute a prima facie presumption that the fisherfolk, operator, boat official or fishworker is fishing with the use thereof.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, any person found liable for the actual use of explosives, noxious or poisonous substances shall be punished with confiscation of catch including those not caught illegally if co-mingled with those caught illegally, gear, explosives and noxious or poisonous substances, or electrofishing devices and paraphernalia and gear, and an administrative fine equivalent to five (5) times the value of the catch or the amount of fine indicated below whichever is higher:

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall be punished with imprisonment from five (5) to ten (10) years, confiscation of catch, including those not caught illegally if co-mingled with those caught illegally, gear, explosives and noxious or poisonous substances, or electrofishing devices and paraphernalia, gear, and a fine equivalent to twice the amount of the administrative fine, without prejudice to the filing of separate criminal cases when the use of the same result to physical injury or loss of human life.

The actual use of electrofishing devices for illegal fishing shall be punished with imprisonment of six (6) months and a fine of Five thousand pesos (P5,000.00).

(b) It shall be unlawful for any person to possess explosives, and noxious or poisonous substances for illegal fishing.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the offender shall be punished with confiscation of catch, gear, and an administrative fine equivalent to five (5) times the value of the catch or the amount indicated below whichever is higher:

Violation of this provision shall be punished with imprisonment from six (6) months to two (2) years, and a fine equivalent to twice the amount of the administrative fine and confiscation of catch and gear.

Section 93. Use of Fine Mesh Net. – It shall be unlawful to engage in fishing using nets with mesh smaller than that which may be determined by the Department: Provided, That the prohibition on the use of fine mesh net shall not apply to the gathering of fry, glass eels, elvers, tabios, and alamang and other species that by their nature are small but already mature, as identified in the implementing rules and regulations by the Department.

The discovery of a fine mesh net in a fishing vessel shall constitute a prima facie presumption that the person or fishing vessel is engaged in fishing with the use of fine mesh net.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the Department shall penalize the owner, operator, captain or master fisherman in case of commercial fishing vessel, or the municipal fisherfolk, with confiscation of the catch and fishing gear, and an administrative fine equivalent to three (3) times the value of the catch or the value indicated below, whichever is higher:

Upon conviction by a court of law, the captain or master fisherman in case of commercial fishing vessel, or the municipal fisherfolk, shall be punished by imprisonment of six (6) months to two (2) years and a fine equivalent to twice the administrative fine, and confiscation of catch and gear.

Section 94. Fishing in Overexploited Fishery Management Areas. – It shall be unlawful for any person to fish in fishery management areas declared as overexploited.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the offender shall be punished with confiscation of catch and fishing gears, and an administrative fine equivalent to the value indicated below:

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall be punished by imprisonment of six (6) months and one (1) day to six (6) years and fine of Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Five million pesos (P5,000,000.00), confiscation of the catch and fishing equipment used, and cancellation of fishing permit or license.

Section 95. Use of Active Gear in Municipal Waters, Bays and Other Fishery Management Areas. – It shall be unlawful to engage in fishing in municipal waters and in all bays as well as other fishery management areas using active fishing gears as defined in this Code.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the owner, operator, boat captain and master fisherman of the vessel, or the chief executive officer in a corporation, or the managing partner in a partnership shall be punished with confiscation of the catch and fishing gears, and a fine three (3) times the value of the catch or the value indicated below, whichever is higher:

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall be punished with imprisonment of two (2) years to six (6) years and fine equivalent to twice the administrative fine, confiscation and forfeiture of fishing gear and catch.

Section 96. Ban on Coral Exploitation and Exportation. – It shall be unlawful for any person or corporation to gather, possess, commercially transport, sell or export ordinary, semi-precious and precious corals, whether raw or in processed form, except for scientific or research purposes. It shall also be unlawful for any person, corporation or entity to commit any activity that damage coral reefs.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the owner/operator of the fishing vessel/s, boat captain, master fisherman, and recruiter or organizer of fishworkers shall be punished with an administrative fine equivalent to eight (8) times the value of the corals gathered, possessed, commercially transported, sold, or exported, or the amount of Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos (P10,000,000.00), whichever is higher, and forfeiture of the subject corals. The offender shall also pay compensation for the restoration of the damaged corals reefs.

Upon conviction by a court of law, the boat captain, master fisherman, and recruiter or organizer of fishworkers, shall be punished by imprisonment from ten (10) years to twenty (20) years and a fine equivalent to twice the administrative fine and forfeiture of the subject corals.

The offender shall also be required to pay the cost of restoration of the damaged coral reefs based on available studies and as determined by the Department.

Section 97. Ban on Muro-ami, Other Methods and Gear Destructive to Coral Reefs and Other Marine Habitat. – (a) It shall be unlawful for any person, natural or juridical, to fish with gear or method that destroys coral reefs, seagrass beds, and other fishery marine life habitat as may be determined by the Department. ‘Muro-ami’ and any of its variation, and such similar gears and methods that require diving, other physical or mechanical acts to pound the coral reefs and other habitat to entrap, gather or catch fish and other fishery species are also prohibited.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the owner, operator, boat captain, master fisherman, and recruiter or organizer of fishworkers who violate this provision shall suffer the penalty of an administrative fine equivalent to five (5) times the value of the fish caught or Two million pesos (P2,000,000.00), whichever is higher, and confiscation of catch and gear. The fishworkers who serve as pounders shall be penalized with a fine of Twenty thousand pesos (P20,000.00) or community service in case of failure to pay the fine.

Upon conviction by a court of law, the boat captain, master fisherman, and recruiter or organizer of fishworkers shall be punished with imprisonment of two (2) years to ten (10) years and a fine equivalent to twice the amount of the administrative fine.

(b) Except in cases allowed by law, it shall be unlawful for any person, natural or juridical, to gather, possess, commercially transport, sell or export coral sand, coral fragments, coral rocks, silica, and any other substances which make up any marine habitat.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the person or corporation who violates this provision shall be punished with an administrative fine of Five million pesos (P5,000,000.00) or five (5) times the value of the coral rocks, sand, or silica gathered, possessed, commercially transported, sold, or exported, whichever is higher, and confiscation of the substance.

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall suffer the penalty of imprisonment from two (2) years to ten (10) years and a fine equivalent to twice the administrative fine, confiscation of catch or substances and equipment or gear used.

Section 98. Illegal Use of Superlights or Fishing Light Attractor. – It shall be unlawful to engage in fishing with the use of superlight in municipal waters, or to fish with fishing light attractor using candlelight power or intensity beyond the standards set by the Department in consultation with the LGUs for fishing in municipal waters, or in violation of the rules promulgated by the Department for fishing with the use of superlight or fishing light attractor outside municipal waters.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the offender shall be punished by a fine of Twenty thousand pesos (P20,000.00) per superlight or fishing light attractor, and confiscation of catch, superlight or fishing light attractor and gears: Provided, That if the offender is a municipal fisherfolk, he may render community service in lieu of fine.

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall be punished with imprisonment from six (6) months to two (2) years and a fine of Forty thousand pesos (P40,000.00) per superlight or fishing light attractor, and confiscation of catch, superlight or fishing light attractor and gears: Provided, That if the offender is a municipal fisherfolk, he may render community service in lieu of fine or imprisonment.

Section 99. Conversion of Mangroves. – It shall be unlawful for any person to convert mangroves into fishponds or for any other purpose.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the offender shall be penalized with a fine equivalent to the ecological value of a hectare of mangrove based on available studies or administrative fine of Ten million pesos (P10,000,000.00) per hectare, whichever is higher: Provided, That if the area requires rehabilitation or restoration as determined by the Department, the offender shall also be required to restore or pay for the restoration of the damaged area.

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall pay a base fine of Eighty thousand pesos (P80,000.00), a fine equivalent to the administrative penalties, and shall suffer the penalty of imprisonment of six (6) months and one (1) day to twelve (12) years: Provided, That if the area requires rehabilitation or restoration as determined by the court, the offender shall also be required to restore or pay for the restoration of the damage. The offender shall be liable for environmental damages computed at Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) per hectare per year until the area is restored.

Section 100. Fishing During Closed Season. – It shall be unlawful to fish during closed season.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the offender shall be punished with confiscation of catch and gear and an administrative fine of:

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall be punished with imprisonment of six (6) months and one (1) day to six (6) years, confiscation of catch and gear, and fine twice the amount of the administrative fine and cancellation of license or permit.

Section 101. Fishing in Marine Protected Areas, Fishery Reserves, Refuge and Sanctuaries. – It shall be unlawful to fish in marine protected areas, fishery reserves, refuge, or fish sanctuaries as declared by the Department or the LGUs.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the offender shall be punished with confiscation of catch and gear, and administrative fine of twice the value of the catch or the amount indicated below, whichever is higher:

Upon conviction by a court of law, violation of this provision shall be punished by imprisonment of two (2) years to six (6) years and a fine twice the amount of the administrative fine, confiscation of catch and gear, and cancellation of license or permit.

Section 102. Fishing or Taking of Rare, Threatened or Endangered Species. – (a) It shall be unlawful to fish or take, catch, gather, sell, purchase, possess, transport, export, forward or ship out aquatic species listed in Appendix I of the Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES), or those categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) as threatened and determined by the Department as such.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the Department shall penalize the offender with a fine equivalent to five times (5) times the value of the species or Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Five million pesos (P5,000,000.00), whichever is higher, and forfeiture of the species.

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall be punished by imprisonment of twelve (12) years and one (1) day to twenty (20) years and a fine equivalent to twice the administrative fine, forfeiture of the species and the cancellation of fishing permit.

(b) It shall be unlawful to fish, take, catch, gather, sell, purchase, possess, transport, export, forward or ship out aquatic species listed in CITES Appendices II and III if scientific assessments show that population of the species in the wild cannot remain viable under pressure of collection and trade: Provided, That the taking or fishing of these species from the wild for scientific research, or conservation breeding simultaneous with commercial breeding may be allowed.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the Department shall penalize the offender with a fine equivalent to three (3) times the value of the species or Three hundred thousand pesos (P300,000.00) to Three million pesos (P3,000,000.00), whichever is higher, and forfeiture of the species.

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall be punished by imprisonment of five (5) to eight (8) years and a fine equivalent to twice the administrative fine and forfeiture of the species.

(c) It shall be unlawful to gather, take, possess, transport, or export, forward or ship out captive-bred species that have been transplanted to the wild.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the offender shall be penalized with a fine equivalent to three (3) times the value of the species or Three hundred thousand pesos (P300,000.00) to Three million pesos (P3,000,000.00), whichever is higher, and forfeiture of the species.

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall be punished by imprisonment of five (5) to eight (8) years, a fine equivalent to three (3) times the value of the species or Three million pesos (P3,000,000.00), whichever is higher, and forfeiture of the species.

Should the violation be committed by a vessel manned by more than two (2) persons, the captain, master, and two highest ranking officers of the vessel involved in the fishing or taking of such protected marine life shall be presumed to have committed the prohibited act.

Section 103. Capture of Sabalo and Other Breeders/Spawners. – It shall be unlawful for any person to catch, gather, capture or possess mature milkfish or sabalo and other breeders or spawners of other fishery species as may be determined by the Department: Provided, That catching of sabalo and other breeders/spawners for local breeding purposes or scientific or research purposes may be allowed subject to guidelines that shall be promulgated by the Department.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, an offender shall be punished with a fine equivalent to five (5) times the value of the sabalo, other breeders, or spawners gathered or captured, or Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00), whichever is higher, and forfeiture of catch and gear.

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall be punished by imprisonment of six (6) months and one (1) day to eight (8) years and a fine equivalent to twice the amount of the administrative fine, forfeiture of catch and fishing equipment used, and suspension or revocation of license.

Section 104. Exportation of Breeders, Spawners, Eggs or Fry. – Exportation of breeders, spawners, eggs or fry as prohibited in this Code shall be punished under this Act: Provided, That the export of hatchery-bred or captive-bred breeder, spawner, egg or fry, may be allowed subject to the regulations to be promulgated by the Department.

Failure on the part of the shipping or forwarding company from whose possession the breeders, spawners, eggs, or fry are discovered or seized to fully cooperate in the investigation conducted by concerned government authorities on the matter shall create a presumption that there is connivance or conspiracy between the company and the shipper to violate the provisions of this section.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the offender shall be punished with an administrative fine equivalent to three (3) times the value of the breeders, spawners, eggs, or fry exported or One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00) to Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00), whichever is higher, confiscation of breeders, spawners, eggs or fry, suspension or revocation of license for commercial fishing and/or registration as exporter.

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall be punished by imprisonment of eight (8) years to ten (10) years, confiscation of breeders, spawners, eggs or fry, a fine equivalent to twice the amount of the administrative fine, revocation of the fishing license, and/or suspension or revocation of registration as exporter.

Section 105. Importation or Exportation of Fish or Fishery Species. – Any importation or exportation of fish or fishery species in violation of this Code shall be unlawful.

Failure on the part of the shipping or forwarding company from whose possession the fish or fishery species imported or exported are discovered or seized to fully cooperate in the investigation conducted by concerned government authorities shall create a presumption that there is connivance or conspiracy between the shipping company and the shipper to perpetrate the aforementioned offense.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the offender shall be punished with an administrative fine of five (5) times the value of the species or Three hundred thousand pesos (P300,000.00) to Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00), whichever is higher, and forfeiture and/or destruction of the species.

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall be punished with eight (8) years of imprisonment and fine of twice the administrative fine, forfeiture and/or destruction of the species: Provided, That offenders shall be banned from being members or stockholders of companies currently engaged in fisheries or companies to be created in the future, the guidelines for which shall be promulgated by the Department.

Section 106. Violation of Harvest Control Rules. – It shall be unlawful for any person to fish in violation of harvest control rules as determined by the Department.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the offender shall be punished with confiscation of catch and fishing gear, revocation of license and an administrative fine of:

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall be punished with imprisonment of six (6) months and one (1) day to six (6) years and a fine twice the administrative fine, confiscation of catch and fishing gear, and revocation of license.

Section 107. Aquatic Pollution. – Aquatic pollution, as defined in this Code, shall be unlawful.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the offender shall be punished with fine of Three hundred thousand pesos (P300,000.00) to Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) and an additional fine of Fifteen thousand pesos (P15,000.00) per day until the violation ceases and the fines are paid, the imposition of cease and desist order, closure or suspension of the development, construction or facility, or cessation of operations, or disconnection of water supply. The order may be issued ex parte pending resolution of the case.

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall be punished with imprisonment of six (6) years and one (1) day to twelve (12) years and a fine twice the amount of the administrative fine and an additional fine of Fifteen thousand pesos (P15,000.00) per day until the violation ceases and the fines are paid, the imposition of cease and desist order, closure or suspension of the development, construction or facility, or cessation of operations, or disconnection of water supply. The order may be issued ex parte pending resolution of the case.

Section 108. Failure to Comply with Minimum Safety Standards. – The owner and captain of a commercial fishing vessel engaged in fishing who, upon demand by proper authorities, fails to exhibit or show proof of compliance with the safety standards provided in this Code shall be liable administratively and criminally.

Upon apprehension, the fishing vessel shall be escorted to the nearest port or landing point and prevented from continuing with the fishing activity.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the offender shall be punished with an administrative fine of One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00) and suspension or cancellation of permit or license and impoundment of the vessel until the safety standard has been complied with.

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall suffer the penalties of imprisonment from one (1) month and one (1) day to six (6) months and a fine of twice the amount of the administrative fine, suspension or cancellation of permit or license and impoundment of the vessel until the safety standard has been complied with.

Section 109. Failure to Submit a Yearly Report on All Fishponds, Fish Pens and Fish Cages. – It shall be unlawful for owners and operators of fishponds, fishpens and fish cages to fail to submit an annual report to the Department pursuant to Section 57 of this Code.

Upon summary finding of administrative liability, the owner of the fishpond, fishpen or fish cage shall be imposed a fine of Five thousand pesos (P5,000.00) per unreported hectare. In case the fishpond is covered by FLA, nonsubmission of a report for two (2) consecutive years shall result to its cancellation.

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall be punished with twice the amount of the administrative fine.

Section 110. Gathering and Marketing of Shell Fishes or Other Aquatic Species. – It shall be unlawful for any person to gather, take, sell, transfer, possess, commercially transport, export, forward or ship out any sexually mature shell fish or other aquatic species identified by the Department, or below the minimum size, or above the maximum quantities prescribed for the species. Other parameters for the protection of heavily traded aquatic species may be promulgated by the Department.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the penalty of an administrative fine equivalent to the value of the species or Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00), whichever is higher, and confiscation of the same, cancellation of permit or license shall be imposed upon the offender.

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall be punished by imprisonment from one (1) month and one (1) day to six (6) months and fine equivalent to twice the amount of the administrative fine, and cancellation of the permit or license.

Section 111. Obstruction to Navigation or Flow or Ebb of Tide in any Stream, River, Lake or Bay. – It shall be unlawful for any person to cause obstruction to navigation or flow or ebb of tide.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the offender shall be punished with a fine of Two hundred thousand pesos (P200,000.00) and the dismantling of the obstruction, fish corrals/traps, fish pens or fish cages at the expense of the offender.

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall be punished with imprisonment from one (1) month and one (1) day to six (6) months and fine of twice the amount of the administrative fine, confiscation of stocks and dismantling of the obstruction, fish corrals/traps, fish pens or fish cages at the expense of the violator.

Section 112. Noncompliance with Good Aquaculture Practices. – Fishery operations involving the breeding and farming of fish and other fishery species shall comply with good aquaculture practices and the guidelines for environmentally-sound design and operation for the sustainable development of the aquaculture industry which shall be promulgated by the Department.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the offender who commits any violation of the rules and regulations, or provisions thereof, shall be punished with an administrative fine of Ten thousand pesos (P10,000.00) to One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00) per day until the violation ceases and the fines are paid.

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall be punished with imprisonment of three (3) years and fine of twice the amount of the administrative fine.

Section 113. Commercial Fishing Vessel Operators Employing Unlicensed Fisherfolk, Fishworker or Crew. – (a) The owner or operator of a commercial fishing vessel employing unlicensed fisherfolk or fishworker or crew shall, upon a summary finding of administrative liability, be fined Four thousand pesos (P4,000.00) for each unlicensed fisherfolk or fishworker or crew and suspension or revocation of license for commercial fishing.

(b) It shall likewise be unlawful for Philippine flagged fishing vessels engaged in distant water fishing to employ unlicensed fisherfolk or fishworker or crew.

The owner and operator of the distant water fishing vessel, upon a summary finding of administrative liability, shall be fined Forty thousand pesos (P40,000.00) for each unlicensed fisherfolk, fishworker or crew and suspension or cancellation of license.

The owner and operator of the commercial fishing vessel or distant water fishing vessel shall upon conviction by a court of law, be fined with twice the amount of the administrative fine and suspension or cancellation of license.

Section 114. Obstruction of Defined Migration Paths. – It shall be unlawful for any person to obstruct any defined migration path of anadromous, catadromous and other migratory species.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the offender shall be punished with an administrative fine of One hundred fifty thousand pesos (P150,000.00) to Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00), dismantling of the obstruction at the expense of the offender, and the suspension or revocation of the permit or license.

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall be punished with imprisonment of seven (7) years to twelve (12) years and fine of twice the amount of the administrative fine, dismantling of the obstruction at the expense of the offender, and the suspension or revocation of the permit or license.

Section 115. Obstruction to Fishery Law Enforcement Officer. – The fishing vessel owner, master or operator or any other person acting on behalf of any fishing vessel who assaults, resists, intimidates, harasses, seriously interferes with, or unduly obstructs or delays a fishery law enforcement officer, authorized inspector or observer, the deputized fishwarden of the LGU, or any lawfully-boarding government officers, in the exercise of their duties shall be penalized under this Code. Any person who does not allow any authorized officer or an observer to exercise any of the legal duties shall be deemed to be obstructing that officer or person.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the offender shall be punished with cancellation of license or permit and an administrative fine of One million pesos (P1,000,000.00) for fishing vessels operating in Philippine waters or Two million pesos (P2,000,000.00) for fishing vessels operating beyond Philippine waters.

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall be punished with imprisonment from six (6) months to two (2) years and a fine twice the amount of the administrative fine and cancellation of license or permit.

Section 116. Noncompliance with Fisheries Observer Coverage. – (a) It shall be unlawful for Philippine distant water fishing vessel to sail without a fisheries observer on board as required by RFMO conservation and management measures.

(b) It shall be unlawful for commercial fishing vessels to sail without a fisheries observer in compliance with this Code and the rules and regulations promulgated by the Department.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, an offender shall be punished with a fine of Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) and forfeiture of the catch and gear.

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall be punished with imprisonment of one (1) month and one (1) day to six (6) months and fine of twice the amount of the administrative fine, confiscation of catch and suspension or cancellation of license.

Section 117. Noncompliance with Port State Measures. – No foreign fishing vessel shall be allowed entry without providing at least twenty-four (24)-hour prior notice. When a foreign fishing vessel is granted entry, failure to provide a catch report shall be deemed unlawful. It shall likewise be unlawful for any person to fail to comply with other rules on port state measures promulgated by the Department in coordination with port state authorities.

Failure to comply with the 24-hour period may result in denial of permission to enter or use of port facilities and the vessel may be subject to onboard inspection and/or impoundment.

Section 118. Failure to Comply with Rules and Regulations on Conservation and Management Measures. – It shall be unlawful for any person to fail to comply with conservation and management measures adopted in rules and regulations to be promulgated by the Department pursuant to international conventions, RFMO resolutions and laws of coastal states where Philippine vessels fish.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, violation of the rules and regulations promulgated by the Department shall be punished with confiscation of catch and suspension or cancellation of license or permit and an administrative fine of twice the value of the catch or the amount indicated below whichever is higher:

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall be punished with imprisonment of six (6) months and fine twice the amount of the administrative fine, and confiscation of the catch and suspension or cancellation of license.

Section 119. Noncompliance with Vessel Monitoring Measures. – No municipal, commercial or distant water fishing vessel shall engage in fishing activity without complying with the vessel monitoring measures promulgated by the Department in coordination with the LGUs: Provided, That for vessels operating in Philippine waters, only the catcher vessel shall be covered by this requirement. It shall also be unlawful to intentionally tamper with, switch off or disable the vessel monitoring system.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the fishing vessel owner, master or any other person acting on behalf of the vessel owner shall be punished with confiscation of catch, suspension or revocation of the license and an administrative fine equivalent to twice the value of the catch or the amount indicated below, whichever is higher:

In case of violation committed in waters beyond national jurisdiction, the administrative fine shall be equivalent to five times the value of the catch or twice the amount indicated above, whichever is higher.

Upon conviction by a court of law, the master or any other person acting on behalf of the vessel owner shall be punished with imprisonment of six (6) months to two (2) years and fine twice the amount of the administrative fine, confiscation of catch and suspension or revocation of the license.

Section 120. Constructing, Importing or Converting Fishing Vessels or Gears Without Permit from the Department. – It shall be unlawful for any person to construct or import fishing vessels or gears or to convert other vessels into fishing vessels without permit from the Department.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the offender shall be imposed the penalty of an administrative fine of:

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall suffer the penalty of imprisonment from one (1) month and one (1) day to six (6) months and fine of twice the amount of the administrative fine.

Section 121. Use of Unlicensed Gear. – Any person who uses a fishing gear or method for commercial fishing without license from the Department shall, upon a summary finding of administrative liability, be fined from Two hundred thousand pesos (P200,000.00) to Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) per gear depending on the seriousness of the violation.

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall be imposed the penalty of fine from Four hundred thousand pesos (P400,000.00) to One million pesos (P1,000,000.00) depending on the seriousness of the violation.1âwphi1

Section 122. Falsifying_, Concealing or Tampering with Vessel Markings, Identity or Registration. – It shall be unlawful for any person to falsify, conceal vessel identity or lack of registration or tamper with the vessel markings, identity or registration.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the offender shall be imposed the penalty of confiscation of catch and suspension or cancellation of license and an administrative fine of:

In case of violation by distant water fishing vessels, the administrative fine shall be twice the amount indicated above.

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall suffer the penalty of imprisonment from two (2) years to six (6) years and a fine equivalent to twice the amount of the administrative fine, confiscation of catch and suspension or cancellation of license.

Section 123. Concealing, Tampering or Disposing of Evidence Relating to an Investigation of a Violation. – It shall be unlawful for any person to conceal, tamper or dispose evidence relating to an investigation of a violation.

Upon a summary finding of administratively liability, the offender shall be punished with suspension or cancellation of license and an administrative fine of:

In case of violation by distant water fishing vessels, the administrative fine shall be twice the amount indicated above.

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall be imposed the penalty of imprisonment from five (5) years to ten (10) years and fine equivalent to twice the administrative fine, and suspension or cancellation of the license.

Section 124. Noncompliance with the Requirements for the Introduction of Foreign or Exotic Aquatic Species. – It shall be unlawful to import, introduce, or breed, foreign or exotic aquatic species without the conduct of risk analysis and prior approval of the Department.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the offender shall be punished with a fine of Two hundred thousand pesos (P200,000.00) to Six million pesos (P6,000,000.00) and confiscation and destruction of the foreign or exotic species. Should the species become invasive and result to predation of native aquatic biota, loss of income or damage to the habitat, the offender shall bear the costs of containment, eradication and/or restoration.

Upon conviction by a court of law the offender shall suffer the penalty of imprisonment of six (6) years to (12) years and fine from Four hundred thousand pesos (P400,000.00) to Twelve million pesos (P12,000,000.00), confiscation of foreign or exotic species and the costs for containment, eradication or restoration.

Section 125. Failure to Comply with Standards and Trade-Related Measures. – It shall be unlawful for any person to fail to comply with standards for weights, volume, quality and other requirements for all fishery transactions and trade and trade-related measures prescribed by the Department.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the offender shall be punished with an administrative fine of Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00) to Two million pesos (P2,000,000.00), depending on the seriousness, extent and volume of trade associated with the violation, confiscation of the shipment or fishery products and suspension or revocation of registration or license.

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall suffer the penalty of imprisonment from six (6) months to two (2) years and a fine from One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00) to Four million pesos (P4,000,000.00) depending on the seriousness, extent and volume of trade associated with the violation, confiscation of the shipment or fishery products and suspension or revocation of registration or license.

Section 126. Possessing, Dealing in or Disposing Illegally Caught or Taken Fish. – It shall be unlawful to ship, commercially transport, offer for sale, sell, import, export, or have custody, control, or possession of, or to deal in or in any manner dispose of any fish or species caught, taken or retained in violation of this Code.

The discovery of any fish or species caught with the use of explosives or noxious or poisonous substances shall constitute a prima facie presumption that the possessor, seller, fish dealer, transporter, importer, or exporter thereof has knowledge that the fish or species was caught or taken in violation of this Code.

Upon a summary finding of administrative liability, the offender shall be punished with an administrative fine of Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00) to Two hundred thousand pesos (P200,000.00) or five (5) times the value of fish or species, whichever is higher, and confiscation of the same.

Upon conviction by a court of law, the offender shall suffer the penalty of imprisonment from six (6) months to two (2) years, and fine of eight (8) times the value of the species or from One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00) to Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00), whichever is higher and confiscation of the fish or fishery products and suspension or revocation of registration or license.

Section 127. Unauthorized Disclosure of Sensitive Technical Information. – Data from the vessel monitoring system or vessel monitoring measure and other related data arising therefrom shall be considered as sensitive technical information. Any unauthorized disclosure of said data including all other data referred to in Section 155 in this Code, by any person shall be penalized with imprisonment of six (6) months and one day to six (6) years, removal from office and forfeiture of all retirement benefits, where applicable.

Section 128. Other Violations. – In addition to the prohibitions in this Code, the Department, in consultation with the LGUs, local FARMCs and NFARMC, shall issue fishery administrative orders or regulations for the conservation, preservation, management and sustainable development of fisheries and aquatic resources.

Violation of administrative orders or regulations promulgated by the Department or any provision thereof shall subject the offender to a fine of One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00) to Five million pesos (P5,000,000.00), depending on the socioeconomic impact and seriousness of the violation, volume and value of the fisheries product, damage to the environment due to the violation, and the habituality of the offender.

Section 129. Escalation Clause. – The fines herein prescribed shall be increased by at least ten percent (10%) every three (3) years to compensate for inflation and to maintain the deterrent function of such fines."